Before anchoring, the main engine and anchor winch must be prepared. Common anchoring methods include single anchoring and double anchoring. Double anchoring includes figure-eight anchoring, straight anchoring, and single-point anchoring (parallel anchoring) used for typhoon resistance.
When selecting an anchorage, the maximum water depth is recommended to be 3-4 knots of anchor chain. When dropping anchor, the vessel's backtracking speed should be less than 0.3 knots. Pay attention to weather conditions and do not loosen too much anchor chain at once.
When raising anchor, the anchor winch needs to be preheated in winter and cooled in summer. Use the low setting and begin winch winding when the anchor chain is no longer under stress.
The maximum working load of the anchor winch should be less than 10% of the anchor chain breaking load; the maximum load of the chain stopper should be 80% of the anchor chain breaking load; the anchor winch brake test load should be 45% of the anchor chain breaking load.
During anchoring, watch personnel must closely monitor the anchor chain stress and the vessel's attitude, conduct regular inspections, prevent accidents such as dragging anchor and running aground, and develop and be proficient in handling procedures for emergencies such as dragging anchor, fire, and personnel falling overboard. In emergencies, the chain release device should be able to quickly release the anchor chain. In severe weather, the anchor chain and mooring lines should be reinforced promptly, and cabin doors and windows should be closed. When anchoring equipment is overloaded, the order of failure for each component is as follows: chain stopper pin deformation, anchor winch brake band burnout, anchor chain breakage, and anchor loss.
