Anchoring equipment consists of the anchor, anchor chain, anchor chain canister, anchor-raising machinery, and auxiliary equipment.
1. Anchor: Generates holding force.
2. Anchor Chain: ① Connects the anchor to the hull; ② Transmits the holding force generated by the anchor; ③ The bottom chain generates holding force due to friction.
3. Anchor Chain Canister: The channel through which the anchor chain enters, exits, and stores the anchor drum. Its diameter is approximately 10 times the chain diameter. It consists of three parts: deck chain holes, side chain holes, and the canister itself. The canister contains a flushing device for washing the anchor and anchor chain during anchor raising.
4. Chain Stopper: Located between the anchor winch and the anchor chain canister.
① Secures the anchor chain, preventing it from slipping out;
② Transmits the holding force generated by the anchor and anchor chain directly to the hull, reducing the load on the anchor winch and protecting it;
③ Bears the weight and inertial force of the anchor during navigation.
Commonly used types include:
(1) Spiral chain stopper
(2) Guillotine chain stopper
(3) Chain chain stopper
5. Anchor chain tube: The anchor chain tube is located below the anchor winch sprocket. Both the upper and lower openings must be enlarged. The upper opening is usually covered to prevent large amounts of seawater from entering the anchor chain compartment. A semi-circular reinforcing steel ring is usually welded to the lower opening.
The diameter of the anchor chain tube is approximately 7 to 8 times the chain diameter.
6. Anchor chain compartment: This is the compartment for storing anchor chains, located below the anchor winch. It is divided into two sections by longitudinal bulkheads, each storing two anchor chains. Foot holes are provided in the bulkheads. A sump well is located at the bottom of the anchor chain compartment. The bottom of the compartment is lined with thick wooden planks or covered with a cement layer, and the anchor chains are placed on steel gratings on the cement layer to prevent the bottom of the compartment from being directly struck by the anchor chains.
7. Chain release device: A device used to quickly detach the end of the anchor chain from the hull in an emergency. It is generally located in a place easily accessible to personnel.
Common types include horizontal latch type and spiral chain release device.
(1) Horizontal bolt chain releaser
(2) Spiral chain releaser
8. Anchor winch
Horizontal anchor winch
Vertical anchor winch (anchor winch)
Anchor winch (electric, steam, hydraulic, manual)
